This publication from the World Health Organization provides a summary of guidelines on the intake of saturated and trans-fatty acids for both adults and children. It highlights the significant role of these dietary components in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are a leading cause of mortality worldwide. The book discusses the evidence linking high consumption of saturated and trans fats with increased risk of CVDs, as well as the potential benefits of substituting these fats with healthier options to reduce the risk of ischemic heart disease. The report is intended for health professionals and policymakers, aiming to promote better dietary practices to improve public health outcomes.