As the result of resource exploitation and underground space development, the engineering disasters appear, including landslides, tunnel collapses, earthquakes, debris flow and urban facility failures, which may lead to substantial economic damages and loss of lives. The engineering challenges from the geotechnical engineering have attracted wide attention. A large number of engineering disasters, like water gushing, sand inrush, seepage damage, gas leakage and gas explosion, are triggered due to the complex environment such as high water or gas stress, seepage effect and fluid-solid interaction. In order to control the engineering disaster, the primary task to be solved is to reveal the engineering disaster initiation and evolution mechanism induced under complex environment.