We are delighted to present the inaugural Frontiers in Carbon “Women in Carbon Science and Technology" series of article collections. At present, less than 30% of researchers worldwide are women. Long-standing biases and gender stereotypes are discouraging girls and women away from science-related fields, and STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) research in particular. Science and gender equality are, however, essential to ensure sustainable development as highlighted by UNESCO. In order to change traditional mindsets, gender equality must be promoted, stereotypes defeated, and girls and women should be encouraged to pursue STEM careers. Following the UNESCO’s official celebration of the International Day of Women and Girls in Science, Frontiers in Carbon is proud to offer this platform to promote the work of women scientists, across all fields of carbon science