Cockpit-resource management (CRM) is mandatory for all professional pilots and those studying for commercial-pilot licences. Under the European Joint Aviation Regulations, effective from 1997, all pilots have to undergo CRM training, and this book provides relevant course reading, including coverage of the factors that affect a pilot - his health, energy level, stress factors and fatigue, and the management of cockpit safety. It also introduces a concept called the 5A pyramid, which discusses the relationship of air-crew, aircraft type, equipment, support personnel, and airspace.