In this handbook, one in a series of three, leading global contributors analyze approaches to microplastics treatment, address advanced techniques for mediating microplastic pollution, and explore policy perspectives on the implications of microplastic pollution for human and ecosystem health. Through this book, readers will develop knowledge of leading and emerging technologies and techniques for monitoring and remediating microplastic pollution in the environment and understanding of the policy implications with regard to the human and ecological health risks associated with microplastic pollution. To achieve this, the book first explores current techniques for monitoring microplastics, such as remote sensing techniques, and their challenges and opportunities. In the second section, it then addresses policy perspectives on the management of microplastic pollution in aquatic environments and in agricultural soil. In taking a global approach to both sections, the contributors bring a wealth of knowledge and practical information to equip readers with a broad and up-to-date understanding of the geographical and ecological factors that can affect policy decisions. This enables readers to enact appropriate policies on the management and remediation of microplastic pollution that take into account the context and requirements of each individual situation. This, in turn, reduces the impact of microplastic pollution on biodiversity and ecosystems and minimizes the associated economic and human costs. For a wider perspective, readers are encouraged to refer to the other two titles in this series, subtitled Microplastic Pollution in Aquatic Environments and Microplastic Pollution in the Soil. In its exploration of the technologies and techniques for monitoring and treating microplastics and related policy perspectives, this handbook has deep implications and practical ramifications for academics, industry-based researchers, and policymakers to take a new direction to the reduction of microplastics in aquatic environments and agricultural soils around the world.