What lies beneath the movements of kata? Beyond the strikes, locks, and stances, Okinawa’s martial traditions carry a spirit—Uchinā Damashī—that has endured centuries of political upheaval, cultural exchange, and hidden practice. In this groundbreaking collection, martial artist and historian Nathan Batson draws from decades of practice and years of careful research to uncover the deeper roots of Karate and Kobudō. From the private training halls of the Ryukyu Kingdom to the crucible of Japanese assimilation and the global spread of karate in the 20th century, these essays explore the intersection of culture, politics, and combative wisdom. Inside, readers will find: Detailed studies of kata and weapon traditions, including their origins, evolution, and variations across lineages. Contextual explorations of Okinawa’s warrior-scholar (yukatchu) class, tributary diplomacy, and the effects of Satsuma occupation. Sidebars on folklore, legends, and cultural practices that shaped the martial way. Concise biographies of forty-five key figures who influenced the transmission of Okinawa’s martial heritage. Accessible yet meticulously researched, Beneath the Banyan offers both the dedicated practitioner and the curious reader a guide to the hidden strength within Okinawa’s martial culture. It is at once a reference, a narrative, and a tribute to the enduring spirit of Uchinā Damashī. For those who train, it will enrich your understanding of the kata you practice. For those who study, it will illuminate how a small island kingdom forged a martial legacy that now spans the world.