Preface 1 The Nature of Vernacular Language 2 The Structure of Vernacular Language 3 The Copula 4 More Copula Expressions 5 Basic Verb Forms 6 The Verbal Negative Suffixes 7 More Verbal Patterns 8 Sentence-Final Particles 9 って 10 Expressions of Vagueness 11 The Special Status of 「ん」 12 Abbreviation, Reduction and Omission 13 Patterns Seen in Adjectives and Verbs