This study assesses Vietnamese history from their ancient days to the present, focused on various historic and contentious legacies that shaped them. Notably, it addresses American presidential administrations and how they impacted events in Vietnam, especially the negative impact of Democrat Party regimes. It concludes that the South Vietnamese clearly fought for their freedom, and that the Americans should have stayed the course especially in light of prevailing conditions following their defeat. It illustrates how the anti-war movement and especially the Democratic Party in the American Congress following the 1972 election played leading roles in their defeat, and the loss of American Resolve to help them in their fight for freedom. Throughout the Vietnam War, the rebellion in American Universities continually sounded in the background, if not in the vanguard of the evening television news. South Vietnamese Colonel Vo Dai Ton, imprisoned for ten years in Communist gulags, after the fall of Saigon, resolutely implicated the American Anti-war movement and American media in the loss of his country to the Communist. He later lamented that they did not provide a "true picture" of the war. That, tragically abetted the calamity that befell millions of poor Vietnamese.