In 1911, the dictatorship of Porfirio Diaz came to an end and with it the period of peace and stability that Mexico enjoyed for 30 years. The ensuing pursuit of political power lasted twenty years, resulting in a long and bloody struggle among several factions in constantly shifting alliances. The US arms embargos, the lack of a national arms industry, and the scarcity of war materiel driven by World War I forced the Mexican regimes to adopt bolt action rifles from various sources, such as the Japanese empire or US military surplus. The Arisaka and the Mosin Nagant rifles became part of the Mexican army stocks. At some point, many of the weapons ordered by Mexico were utilized on the battlefields of the Spanish Civil War (1936-1938). This booklet presents a narrative of how Mexico used the stocks of arms and ammunition as a diplomatic tool to gain influence or to distract the US pressure.