This book addresses the various challenges that arose during the two periods of Indonesian President Jokowi's administration. These included the global economic crisis, increasingly complex geopolitical dynamics, such as competition between major powers, the Covid-19 pandemic and its ramifications for Indonesia, as well as issues of border disputes, human trafficking, and the situation in Palestine. Addressing these challenges necessitates a forward-thinking Indonesian foreign policy strategy. As the 2024 General Election has taken place and President Jokowi's term came to an end, this book presents a timely and comprehensive discussion on Indonesian foreign policy and diplomacy and its associated challenges—those of the past, and those now facing the current administration. Relevant to Indonesian and international political scientists and social scientists, this interdisciplinary book—which includes perspectives from both scholars and practitioners—confronts Jokowi's policies relating to the economy, territorial, migration, religion, and all aspects of Indonesian society, in the context of the former government.